Program Structure (Humanized)

Module 1: What a Nanoreactor Really Is (and Why It Works)

• We begin with the core idea: reactions behave differently in confined nanoscale spaces.
• How confinement improves selectivity, stabilizes intermediates, and reduces side reactions.
• Where nanoreactors appear in real research: catalysis, bio-catalysis, and smart materials.

Module 2: Architectures of Nanoreactors (Your Design Toolbox)

• Porous hosts: zeolites, mesoporous silica, and porous oxides (why pores matter).
• Hollow and yolk–shell structures: protected reaction zones with controlled access.
• Core–shell catalytic systems: stability + selectivity in one design.
• Framework platforms: MOF concepts and hybrid confined reactors (overview).

Module 3: Confinement Effects, Transport, and Reaction Control

• Diffusion and mass transport: how molecules enter, react, and leave.
• Size-selective catalysis and molecular “gating” effects.
• Microenvironment control: polarity, acidity/basicity, and local concentration.
• How to think about kinetics when reactions happen inside pores/cavities.

Module 4: Design Strategies for High-Performance Nanoreactors

• Choosing the right reactor type for your reaction (selection logic).
• Anchoring catalysts: nanoparticles, single sites, enzymes, and immobilized complexes.
• Preventing catalyst poisoning, sintering, and leaching using smart shells/supports.
• Compartmentalized and multi-step nanoreactors (cascade reaction thinking).

Module 5: Synthesis Routes (How Nanoreactors Are Built)

• Template-based fabrication: hard/soft templates for hollow and porous structures.
• Sol–gel approaches, co-precipitation, and hydrothermal synthesis (workflow-level).
• Building yolk–shell and core–shell systems: coating, etching, and controlled growth.
• Functionalization: tuning surface chemistry to control adsorption and selectivity.

Module 6: Characterization & Quality Checks (Before You Trust Performance)

• Structure and morphology: SEM/TEM and particle size distribution.
• Porosity and surface area: BET, pore-size distribution, adsorption behavior.
• Composition and phases: XRD basics; FTIR/Raman for surface chemistry (as applicable).
• Active site confirmation: dispersion and stability checks (conceptual tools).

Module 7: Performance Testing & Benchmarking

• Key performance metrics: conversion, selectivity, yield, turnover, recyclability.
• How to compare nanoreactors fairly: controls, blank tests, and reproducibility.
• Stability testing: repeated cycles, thermal/chemical durability, and leaching checks.
• Interpreting kinetic curves and identifying diffusion-limited behavior.

Module 8: Applications Across Multiple Industries

• Chemical catalysis: selective oxidation/reduction, fine chemical synthesis (overview).
• Energy: electrocatalysis support systems, hydrogen generation concepts, CO₂ conversion ideas.
• Environmental remediation: pollutant degradation and catalytic water treatment systems.
• Biotechnology: enzyme nanoreactors and bio-catalysis platforms (conceptual applications).

Module 9: Smart & Responsive Nanoreactors (Next-Gen Concepts)

• Stimuli-responsive “gated” nanoreactors: pH, temperature, light, redox (overview).
• Switchable selectivity and controllable access to active sites.
• Coupling sensing + reaction: self-reporting catalytic systems (conceptual).
• Multi-functional reactors: separation + catalysis in one platform.

Module 10: Scale-Up, Safety, and Translational Readiness

• Scale-up challenges: reproducibility, cost, yield, and process control.
• Safety and handling practices for nanoscale catalytic materials.
• Industrial readiness thinking: stability, process integration, and lifetime performance.
• How to present your nanoreactor as a strong project: design → evidence → limitation → next steps.

Final Project (Portfolio + Research Ready)

• Design a nanoreactor for a selected reaction and application area (catalysis/energy/environment).
• Choose architecture, catalyst anchoring strategy, and transport-control features.
• Create a testing plan: characterization + benchmarking + stability evaluation.
• Example projects: yolk–shell catalyst for selective oxidation, porous host for pollutant degradation, cascade nanoreactor for multi-step synthesis.